来源： 作者： 时间：2015-02-04
【摘要】通过查阅文献，采用逻辑分析方法对中、美两国政府财政补贴大型体育场（馆）建设的原因进行探讨。认为大型体育场（馆）对于城市经济发展的积极影响非常有限，甚至可能带来消极的影响。政府财政补贴大型体育场（馆）建设的合理原因可能来自于社会效益层面。两国在体育发展条件，体育管理模式，体育场地设施建设与人均占有量等方面的差异导致政府补贴的原因和效果存在差异：中国政府在大型场（馆）建设的财政补贴上带有强烈的公益性，进而在大型体育场（馆）的经营中亦注重公益性导向，而忽略了其产业属性，因而会对中国体育场（馆）业发展造成不利影响。美国体育始终是在市场经济制度中依据市场逻辑发展，因而，美国体育场（馆）业产业属性明显，政府在大型体育场（馆）的财政补贴上亦具有很强产业特征，可视作国家对体育场（馆）业的经济扶持政策。鉴于中国大部分城市现阶段还不具备足够的体育市场来消化大型体育场（馆），在今后的大型体育场（馆）建设中尤应采取审慎的态度，并且应该注重发挥市场的导向作用，使市场在资源配置中起决定性的作用。
关键字： 大型体育场（馆）；政府财政补贴；经济影响；社会效益
Abstract： By using the method of literature review and logical analysis,this paper analyzes the reasons of government financial subsidies to construction of large stadiums in America and China.The
author points out that the positive impact of large stadiums for the city’s economic development is very limited,may even have a negative impact on the city.Reasonable cause for government financial
subsidies on large stadiums may come from the aspect of social benefit.The difference between two countries in the sports development conditions,sports management models,construction and amount
per capita of sports facilities lead to the difference in causes and effects of government subsidies on large stadium:China government fiscal subsidies in large stadiums has strong public interest,also pays
attention to the public welfare oriention in large stadiums` operation,and ignores its industrial property,which would adversely affects China stadiums industry development.America sports is always in
the market economy system and develops on the basis of the market rule,therefore,America stadiums industry has obvious industrial property.Government fiscal subsidies in large stadiums also has very
strong industry characteristics,can be regarded as the national economy support policies on stadiums industry.As the majority of Chinese cities at this stage does not yet have enough sports market to
digest large stadiums,a prudent attitude should be adopted,and more attention should payed to play the guiding role of the market,make the market play a decisive role in resource configuration in the large
stadiums construction in the future.
Keyword： large stadiums;government financial subsidies;economic impact;social benefit
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A Comparative Study of China and America Government Financial Subsidies for Large Stadiums
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